Window construction



DCC. 28, T MQSELEY WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Tami/750 Mofa/ey i m Filed April 22, 1935 ATTORNEY.

T. l. MOSELEY WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Dec. 2s, 1937.

Filed April 22, 1955 A2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IIIlllllflll/IIIIIIIIII WT@ l Patented Dec. 28, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Application April 22, 1935, Serial No. 17,640

Claims.

This invention relates generally to windows of the multiple sash type, in which the sashes are arranged to swing about generally horizontal axes. VWhile not limited in its application, the

5 Window disclosed herein is particularly suited for a construction of metal, as distinguished from the more common type windows which are usually made of wood.

- It is an object of the invention to provide a il window of the above character utilizing vertically movable travel bars to interconnect the lvarious sashes, which will afford smooth swinging action at all times, with a construction of great simplicity and reliability.

Another object of the invention is to afford a window construction which will facilitate assembling in manufacture, and which will permit the individual swinging sashes to be self-aligning in their relationship to the associated frame.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simplified, automatic type of operating means for a multiple sash window, whereby a degree of selective operation is permitted by manipulation of one sash.-

Further objects of the invention will 'appear from the following description, in which the preferred embodiment of the invention has been set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompany drawings.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. l is a perspective view, illustrating a window incorporating the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of the window shown in Fig. l, with the upper sash omitted.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional detail taken along the line 3 3 ofFig. 2. i

Fig. 4 is a eross-sectional detail showing parts of the automatic operating mechanism together with details of the pivotal mounting of one of 40 the sashes.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional detail taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional detail, with certainparts removed, showing the position of one of the travel bars for full-open position of the sash.

Figs. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional details, similar to Fig. .6, but showing different operating positions for the parts.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional detail, showing the pivotal connections of the two upper sashes in relation to the travel bar.

The window as illustrated in the drawings consists of a frame I0 which in this instance is formed of metal and is adapted to be mounted in the wall II of a building. While the number of (Cl. 18S-67) sashes carried by the frame may vary, three sashes I2, I3 and I4 have been shown. The vertical side portions of the frame are formed of structural steel members I6, the cross-sectional contour in this instance being such as to afford an intermediate web IGa, together with anges I6b, IGc, I6d and Ie. Flanges IIb and I6e may be carried by a sub-frame formed of wood, which in turn is mounted in the building wall or may be directly embedded in the wall masonry. As will be presently explained, flanges I6d and lcform stops or jams to co-operate with the sashes, and at the same time afford inwardly spaced channels I1 extending vertically on both sides of the frame. Similar upper and lower horizontal members I5 form the ends of the frame, except that such members are arranged with their channels I1 faced outwardly. The left-hand side of the window, as viewed in Figs. 2 and 3, faces the exterior of the building, since it is customary to have the V20 sashes swing outwardly to open position.

Intermediate the top and bottom portions of the frame I0 are the horizontal members I8. A suitable cross-section for these structural members is illustrated in Fig. 2, in which it will be noted that each member includes a web IBa, together with flanges I8b, Ic and IBd. The ends of these members I8 are suitably fixed to the vertical side members I6 of the main frame,

as by welding. 30`

The frame for each of the sashes I2, I3 and I4 `includes upper and lower horizontal members 2I, together with side connecting members 23. An intermediate bar 24 may extend between the members 2| to afford added rigidity. A suitable cross-section for the members 23 is illustrated in Fig. 3, and includes the intermediate web 23a together with flanges- 23h, 23e and 23d. 'I'he flanges 23e form ledges for engaging the edges of the -glass panes 25. A suitable cross-section for the'members`2l is also shown in Fig. 2, and in cludes the intermediate web 2Ia, together with the anges 2lb, 2Ic and 2Id.

The preferred manner of supporting the upper sashes I2 and I3 within the main frame can be described as follows:- Referring first to vthe lower sash I4, the end portions of the upper members 2|, illustratedln Fig. 4, are provided with pivot pins 26. As suitable means for mounting these pins, they are each shown carried With- 50 in a metal tube 21, one end of which is attened\ and secured to the member 2l by rivet 28, The other end of the tube 21 is shown extending through a plate 29, which in turn is fastened to the adjacent side member 23. A compression 55 doy spring 3I serves to normally urge pin 26 towards projected position. The outer end of pin 26 is of reduced diameter and extends into a shoe 32. 'This shoe is preferably channel-shaped, with its anges 32a extending into the adjacent channel I1 to engage the tapered surfaces 33. Thus the shoes 32 may slide vertically within the channels I1 and at the same time the sashes may swing about the axes of pivot pins 26. The compression springs 3| serve to take up any lateral `play and maintain the sashes properly aligned at all times, with a proper predetermined amount of friction between the shoes and the adjacent walls of the chan-nels I1. Substantially. identical pivot pin and shoe assemblies are provided for each of the upper sashes I2 and I3.

In addition to the pivot pin and shoe assembly described above, each sash is connected to the frame by supporting arms or links, to insure swinging movement towards open position when the shoes are caused to slide with respect to the frame. Thus, for the lower sash I4 a pair of supporting links 36 are provided. The lower end of each of these links has a pivotal connection 31 to a plate 38, which in turn is fastened to the lower corner of the main frame. The upper end of eachlink 36 has a pivotal connection 39 with a sash plate 4I, which in turn is mounted on the corresponding side member 23 of the sash, at a point intermediate the upper and lower members 2|. The upper sashes I2 and I3 are connected with similar supporting links 42. However, the lower portions 42a of these links are bent to extend inwardly and have pivotal connections 43 with brackets 44. Brackets 44 are in turn mounted upon the inner faces of the side frame portions I6, being secured particularly to the anges IIe (Fig. 3). In order that the links 42 may not interfere with proper swinging movement of the upper sashes I2 and I3, the inwardly extending portions 42a are shown accommodated in slots 46 (Figs.l 2 and 3) which are cut in the flanges I 6d. The offset or bent portions 42a for the links 42, which extend into housings 45, make possible better application of forces to the upper sashes I2 and I3 to open and close the same. Thus, when forces are applied tending to slide the shoes 32 for the upper sashes downwardly, adequate force components are created tending to swing the lower edges of the sashes outwardly by virtue of the offset relationship of the pivotal connections 43.

The means provided for interconnecting all of the sashes is as follows:-Extending vertically in the channels I1 are the travel bars 41. To facilitate making certain adjustments, to be presently described, each of these bars is preferably in three sections, designated 41a, 41b and 41c. Screws 48 accommodated in slots 49 serve to normally retain these sections together in fixed relationship. The upper section 41a of each travel bar extends through the corresponding shoe 32 for the upper sash I2 and is operatively connected to the same by upper and lower shoulders 50a and 5Ia which project over and below the upper and lower-vends of the shoe. Thus, the corresponding shoe is in eiect locked within a recess'on the travel bar, so that while it may independently align itself in engagement with the surfaces of the adjacent channel I1, it is moved up and down by vertical movement of the travel bar. The connections betweenA the middle travel bar section 41h and the shoes for the intermediate sash I3 are similar to the connections previously described for the upper sash `extending between the sashes I3 and I4.

I2. Thus, shoulders 50h and 5Ib are provided, which extend over and below the upper and lower edges of the corresponding shoe 32.

The connections between the lower sections 41c of the travel bars and the lower sash I4 are such as toaflord a clutch mechanism which is automatically engaged and disengaged, to cause a predetermined automatic cycle of operation. Thus, the lower extremity of each travel bar section 41e is provided with a recess 52, defined by the upper and lower shoulders 5I) and 5I. The space between the shoulders 58 and 5I is only slightly greater than the length of the shoe 32 for the lower sash, so that these shoes may be accommodated in recesses 52 for conjoint sliding movement with the travel bars. Such an engaged position is illustrated in Fig. 4. However, suflicient lateral movement is afforded for the lower travel bar sections 41c so that they can be swung to positions such as shown in Fig. 6, in which the corresponding shoe 32 is free to slide up or down without engaging the shoulders 50 and 5I.

Automatically operating cam elements for effecting lateral swinging or swinging movement of the travel bars are illustrated in Figs. 4 to 9 inclusive. Thus, in the embodiment illustrated, each travel bar section 41e carries a cam block 56, adapted to co-operate with the relatively stationary element 51. Element 51 can be in the form of a metal strip or finger which is mounted near the end of a horizontal frame member I8, When sliding movement of a travel bar causes its cam block 56 to strike and ride over the end of the corresponding finger 51, the lower end of the travel bar is swung laterally, thus effecting disengagement of the clutch mechanism formed by shoulders 50 and 5I in conjunction with the lower shoe 32.

Operation of my window construction can now be described as followsz-When all of the sashes are closed, the Ilan-ges 23b of the side sash members 23 are in relatively tight engagement with the frame ilanges I6c, and likewise side flanges 23d of the sashes are in engagement with flanges Iid of the frame. Similarly, the upper rails of the sashes I3 and I4 engage with the intermediate frame members I8, to aiord adequate weatherprooing. Thus, anges 2lb of the vrails ..4

2I tightly engage the flanges I 8d of the members I8, while flanges 2| d engage the inner faces of anges I8c. A similar type of engagement is aiorded between the upper member 2| of sash I2 and the top horizontal portion of the main frame, while the lower members 2| of all of the sashes form similar tight engagements with the frame members I8 and with the bottom horizontal portion of the main frame. In this completely closed condition, the clutch mechanisms between the lower sash I4 and the travel bars are engaged, that is, the part-s of each clutch mechanism occupy a position as shown in Fig. 4. For an opening operation, the operator forces the lower sash outwardly, and since such outward movement is necessarily accompanied by downward movement of the travel bars, all of the sashes move outwardly in unison. When outward movement has continued sufficiently far to cause the cam blocks 5 6to ride over the ends of fingers 51, as shown in Fig. 6, the lower sash is disengaged with respect to the travel bars and can now be swung independently. Additional opening movement of the lower sash, independently of the upper sashes, is indicated by Fig. 7,

in which it will be noted that the shoe 32 for the lower sash is considerably below the lower ends of the travel bar 41. Upon complete closing of the lower` sash, the final part of the closing movement'brings the upper ends of the corresponding shoes 32 into engagement with the shoulders 59, which are provided on the travel bars immediately below the cam blocks 56. Thus, for the final part of suchclosing movement the travel bars are moved upwardly to a sufficientextent to release cam block`56 with respect to finger 51. The travel bars,1by their inherent spring, are now being urged against the shoes 32 of the lower sash. However, the upper sashes are still open, although the final part of the closing movement -.of the lower sash has moved them towards closed position to a slight extent. To close all of the sashes, the operator no w again opens the lower sash manually, until the shoes 32 of -the lower sash register with recesses 52 inthe travel bars, at which time the travel bars move. towards each other to again effect an interlocking connection. Closing movement of the lowersash now causes the travel bars to move upwardly to effect conjoint closing of the upper sashes.. v

It is a particular characteristic of the present inventio-n that, while operative connections are formed between the sashes and the travel bars,

such connections' do not in any way interfere with the desired functions of the shoes 32, namely, to take up any lateral play between the sashes and the frame, irrespective of inaccuraci/es in manufacture, to enable smooth swinging movement'of the sashes at all times and to afford a predetermined amount of friction for the swinging movement. In other words, the sashes are all free floating with respect to the frame and the travel bars, except for the vertical forces applied to them by the travel bars.

Aside from the simplicity of the automatic mechanism afforded, the type of construction disclosed makes it possible to fully reverse all of the sashes to facilitate cleaning of the window panes.

tions of the travel bars should be so adjusted that the upper sashes are tightly shut upon the frame when picked up and closedby the lower sash. The lower sash is of course provided with suitable locking means which,.wl1en engaged, will retain all of the sashes locked and tightly closed against rattling. `As previously pointed out, the offset brackets 44 for the upper sashes not only insure adequate forces to open the sashes carried by the frame for swinging move- A ment about generally horizontal axes, means including a pair of travel bars extending vertically within said channels for interconnecting the sashes, thereby enabling conjoint movement of' the sashes, a disengageable clutch mechanism interposed in saidl connecting means whereby upon disengagement o-f said clutch mechanism one of said sashes can be manipulated between open and closed positions independently of the other, a horizontal member extending between the vertical side members of the frame and rig- In assembling the window, the sec-A idly secured to the same, and cam means serving to effect automatic engagement and disengagement of said clutch mechanism, said cam means including one cam element carried by a travel bar and another operating cam element carried by one end of said horizontal member.

2. In a multiple sash window, a rectangular metal frame, the vertical"\side members of the same forming vertical channels, at least two sashes carried by the frame, one above the other, vertically movable travel bars disposed within said channels, means forming operative ccnnections between the upper edges of said sashes and said travel bars, supporting'` arms pivotally connected to the sashes and to the frame whereby whenv the upper edges of said sashes are moved downwardly by downward movement cf the travel bars said sashes are caused to move to open position, said sashes when closed having their end faces overlying said channels, brackets mounted upon the frame and extending inwardly from the plane of the same, support links having their upper ends pivotally connected to the sides of the sashes, the lower ends of said support links being bent to extend 3. In a multiple sash window, a rectangular metal frame, the vertical side members of the same forming vertical channels and inner stop flanges, a sash carried by the frame for swingi'ng movement about a generally horizontal axis, vertically movable travel bars disposed in said channels, means operatively connecting the upper corners of thesash with said travel bars, a pair of supporting links, means serving to pivotally connect the upper ends of said links to the sides of the sash, the lower end portions of said links being bent to extend inwardly, brackets carried by the inner faces of the vertical frame members, and means for pivotally .connecting the lower ends of the supporting links to said brackets, whereby when the sash is closed against said stop flanges the supporting links, with the exception o-f said bent end portions, occupy a position between the side edges of the sash and said travel bars, said stop flanges being slotted to accommodate the bent end portions of the sup.

porting links.

4. In a multiple sash window, a rectangular frame, the vertical side members of which are formed to afford vertical channels, at least two shoe into frictional engagement with the adjacent channel, travel bars extending vertically within said channels, and spaced shoulders on the travel bars serving to engage the upper and lower ends' of the shoes to apply only vertically directed forces to the same, said shoulders enabling said shoes to align themselves in said channels independently of said travel bars.

5. In a multiple sash window, a rectangular steel frame, the vertical side members of which are formed to afford vertical channels, at least two sashes carried by the frame, means serving CII to carry said sashes in said frame for swinging movement about generally horizontal axes with one sash above the other, said means including a pair of shoes for each sasli, pivot pins carried by the upper corners of each sash and projecting into corresponding shoes, and springs associated with the pivot pins serving to urge the shoes into frictional engagement with said channels, said shoes being channel-shaped in crosssection with their anges extending into the l channels of the frame, travel bars extending vertically through said frame channels and between the flanges of the shoes, and spaced shoulders on the,travel bars serving to engage the upper and lower ends of the shoes to apply only vertically directed forces to the same, said shoes being free to align themselves in said channels independently of said connecting means.

6. In a window of the character described, a frame formed of vertical side and top and bottom structural members, the side structural members being formed to provide flanges serving as sash jambs, a sash disposed within the fra-me, means forming vertically slidable and pivotal connections between the sash and the vertical side members of the frame, a pair of supporting links for the sash, the upper ends of said links being pivotally connected to the side portions of the sash, the lower ends of the links being offset laterally and extended through slots in said anges, and brackets carried by the vertical side members of the frame and to which the laterally offset ends of the links are pivotally connected, said last named pivotal connections being spaced a substantial distance from the plane of the frame.

71. A window of the character described comprising a frame, said frame being formed of vertical side and top and bottom members, at least two sashes disposed within the frame, vertically reciprocable travelling bars slidably disposed in the vertical side members of the frame, means forming pivotal connections between the upper end of the uppermost sash and said travelling bars, a pair of shoes plvotally connected to the upper end of the lowermost sash and guided for vertical sliding movement in the vertical side members of the frame, said shoes being normally adapted to embrace said bars, means serving to yieldably urge Said shoes in opposite directions towards the vertical side members of the frame, fulcrum links pvotally connected to the frame and also to the Sides of the sashes, and means to eiect the automatic engagement and disengagement of said shoes with said travelling bars through manipulation of the lower sash when the upper sash is in an open position, said last means including means for 'displacing said shoesin opposite directions.

I 8. A window of the character described com.-

prising a. frame having jambs, the inner face of each jamb being formed with\a vertical channel; a plurality of sashes mounted in the frame; vertically reciprocable travelling bars disposed in the travelling bars; means n the jambs to effect the automatic engagement and disengagement of Asaid last mentioned shoes with said travelling bars through the manipulation of said one sash relatively to the other sashes in open position; and fulcrum links pivotally connected to the sashes and extended through slots in the jambs into pivotal connection with projecting brackets on the face of the frame.

9. A Window of the character described comprising a frame having jambs, the inner face of each jamb being formed with a vertical channel; a plurality of sashes mounted in the frame; vertically reciprocable travelling bars disposed in the channels of the guides; pivots on the upper ends of the sashes, said pivots being yieldable to and from the jambs; a shoe on the outer end of cach pivot secured to a travelling bar to guide the same in the channels of the jambs for vertical reciprocation; shoes on the opposite pivots of one sash being detachably engageable with said travel.. ling bars; means on the jambs to effect the automaticengagement and disengagement of said last mentioned shoes with said travelling bars through the manipulation of said one sash when the other sashes are opened; and fulcrum links pivotally connected to the frame and to the sashes.

10. A window of the character described comprising a frame having jambs, the inner vface of each jamb being formed with a vertical channel; a plurality of sashes mounted in the frame; I

vertically reciprocable travelling bars disposed in the channels of the guides; pivots on the'npper' ends of the sashes, said pivots being yieldabqle to and from the jambs; a shoe on the outernd of each pivot secured to a travelling bar to guide the same in the channels of the jambs for vertical reciprocation; shoes on the opposite pivots of one sash being detachably engageable with said travelling bars; means on the jambs to effect the automatic engagement and disengagement of said last mentioned shoes with said travelling bars through the manipulation of said one sash when the other sashes are opened; and fulcrum links pivotally connected to the sashes and extended through slots in the jambs into pivotal connection with projecting brackets on the face of the frame.

TOMLINSON I. MOSELEY. 

